Emergent behaviour in crowds: managing changes in crowd mood

This thesis explores emergent behaviour in crowds and provides insights into managing changes in crowd mood. This research was conducted in conjunction with a technology provider who generated advanced data landscapes from CCTV cameras with analytical software. The proposition advances knowledge on the influences of crowd mood for managing crowd safety, and the results provide dispositional knowledge on the propensity of a crowd to behave in a certain manner. Overall, this thesis answers the research question: "Can we manage crowd mood?". The analysis is framed by complexity theory as is appropriate for understanding crowd mood management. Considering the effort and cost expended to organise crowded places, this research has significant practical applications.