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Exploring the journey of mifepristone in Canada and Australia

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posted on 2024-09-04, 05:03 authored by Kathryn Jean LaRoche

Mifepristone, also known by its drug development name RU486, is an anti-progestin that is part of the gold standard regimen of medication abortion. This medication is taken orally to induce an abortion through 70 days after the first day of the pregnant person’s last menstrual period. When mifepristone is used in conjunction with misoprostol, a prostaglandin analog that induces uterine contractions and causes cervical softening, the regimen results in a complete abortion about 98% of the time. France first registered mifepristone for use as an early abortifacient in 1988. Mifepristone has subsequently been introduced in more than 60 countries and used by over 40 million women worldwide. The promise of mifepristone to expand access to abortion care stems from the fact that it can be safely provided by a variety of clinicians, including family doctors and nurse practitioners, in a wider variety of settings than instrumentation abortion procedures. In addition, the regimen is safe, effective, cost-effective, and highly acceptable to patients. Canada and Australia are two countries that have recently made mifepristone available after drawn-out drug approval processes. In Canada, mifepristone was registered in 2015 and became available in 2017; in Australia, mifepristone was approved for commercial import in 2012. This thesis uses qualitative methods to explore how the introduction of mifepristone has impacted the service delivery landscape of abortion care in Canada and Australia, with a specific focus on patient experiences. In addition, this thesis examines how different regulatory settings and barriers condition access to abortion care and aims to generate policy-relevant insights for improving access to medication abortion. 

Mifépristone, ou RU486, est une antagoniste des récepteurs à la progestérone et elle est comprise dans le régime pour l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse (IVG) médicale. Ce médicament se prend oralement afin d’induire une IVG jusqu’au 70e jour depuis les dernières règles. Lorsque la mifépristone est prise en combinaison avec le misoprostol, une prostaglandine synthétique qui provoque des contractions et la maturation du col de l’utérus, ce régime a un taux de succès de 98%. La France a enregistré la mifépristone comme médicament abortif en 1988. Depuis ce temps, la mifépristone a été introduite dans plus de 60 pays, et utilisée par plus de 40 millions de femmes globalement. La mifépristone peut avoir un impact considérable sur l’accessibilité de l’IVG puisqu’elle peut être distribuée par plusieurs cliniciens, incluant les médecins de familles et les infirmières praticiennes, avec une plus grande capacité que les IVG instrumentales. De plus, ce régime est sécuritaire, efficace, a un bon rapport coût-efficacité, et très bien supporté par les patients. Le Canada et l’Australie sont deux pays qui ont récemment autorisé la distribution de la mifépristone, suivant un délai considérable du processus d’approbation. Au Canada, la mifépristone a été enregistré en 2015, et rendue disponible en 2017; en Australie, mifépristone a été approuvée pour l’importation commerciale en 2012. Cette thèse emploie des méthodes de recherche qualitatives afin d’explorer comment l’introduction de la mifépristone a eu un impact sur la prestation de services de l’IVG au Canada et en Australie, avec un accent sur les expériences des patientes. De plus, cette thèse examine comment les différentes régulations et obstacles conditionnent l’accès aux IVG et vise à générer des connaissances sur les politiques pour améliorer l’accès à l’IVG médicale.

Funding

Canadian Institutes for Health Research (2017-2019)

Ontario Graduate Scholarship (2017)

Society of Family Planning (2017-2018)

Women's College Hospital of Toronto (2017)

Travel grants at the University of Ottawa

Department of Anthropology at Macquarie University (2019)

History

Table of Contents

1. General introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Canada: it’s about time, but what’s next? -- 4. “It gives you autonomy over your own choices”: a qualitative study of Canadian abortion patients’ experiences with mifepristone and misoprostol -- 5. How did the introduction of mifepristone impact access to abortion care in Ottawa? A qualitative case study -- 6. Does motherhood influence abortion decision-making and the process of obtaining care? Results from a large-scale qualitative study in Canada -- 7. “We’ve got rights and yet we don’t have access.” exploring patient experiences accessing medication abortion in Australia -- 8. “We have to make sure you meet certain criteria”: exploring how the criminalisation of abortion affects the experiences of those seeking care -- 9. The shifting landscape of abortion care in Tasmania: findings from a qualitative study -- 10. Competitive framing processes of abortion in Tasmania: mobilization, imputation, and health care -- 11. General discussion -- References -- Appendices

Notes

Cotutelle thesis in conjunction with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa

Awarding Institution

Macquarie University; University of Ottawa

Degree Type

Thesis PhD

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy

Department, Centre or School

Department of Anthropology

Year of Award

2020

Principal Supervisor

Angel M. Foster

Additional Supervisor 1

Lisa L. Wynn

Rights

Copyright: The Author Copyright disclaimer: https://www.mq.edu.au/copyright-disclaimer

Language

English

Jurisdiction

Canada Australia

Extent

366 pages

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