posted on 2025-09-11, 02:56authored bySouksavanh Tom Keovorabouth
<p dir="ltr">Urban areas have become central hubs for many Indigenous peoples, with approximately 75 percent of Native American individuals in the United States residing off-reservation. However, the experiences of Indigenous Queer, Trans, and Two-Spirit individuals within this narrative of Indigenous diaspora are frequently overlooked, despite significant impacts from relocation, removal, and displacement. This research addresses two central questions:</p><p dir="ltr">1) How do Native American Queer, Trans, and Two-Spirit peoples experience settler-colonial urbanisation? and</p><p dir="ltr">2) How does Native American Queer, Trans, and Two-Spirit resilience reconceptualise urban space for Native American futures in Phoenix, Arizona?</p><p dir="ltr">To inform this research, I utilise Indigenous Queer Standpoint Theory (Day and Sullivan, 2019; Farrell, 2022) and the concept of ‘Coming in’ (A. Wilson, 2015) to guide this exploration. Tracing Native American histories reveals how settler colonialism has shaped ‘settler urbanisation.’ To understand the experiences of Indigenous Queer, Trans, and Two-Spirit individuals in urban spaces, I conducted one-on-one and focus group interviews with ten participants in S-ki:kigdam (Phoenix, Arizona). From these findings emerges the concept of ‘Indigenous Queer urban studies,’ offering a small but important contribution to the field to envision ‘Indigenous Queer Cities of Care and Resiliency.’ Through this framework, marginalised Indigenous voices are amplified, and pathways toward inclusive and supportive urban environments for future generations of Indigenous Queer, Trans, and Two-Spirit peoples are explored. This research aims to foster understanding and facilitate positive change in urban landscapes for Indigenous communities.</p>
History
Table of Contents
Chapter One: Introduction – (Re)Imagining Indigenous Urbanisation -- Chapter Two: Hearing Indigenous Family Stories: Understanding Intergenerational Indigenous (Urban) Diaspora Through Truth-telling -- Chapter Three: Reaching Back to Traditional Teachings: Diné Knowledge and Gender Politics -- Chapter Four: ‘Coming in’ as Indigenous, Queer, and Urban – Utilizing Indigenous Queer Standpoint Theory as Methodology -- Chapter Five: Research Methods -- Chapter Six: “It is a structure, not an event” – understanding settler colonialism and urbanisation -- Chapter Seven: The Queer Urban Indigenous City: Understanding the Impacts of the settler colonial state on Urban Indigenous and Two-Spirit Identity -- Chapter Eight: “We Built These Cities”: Interviews with Queer and Trans Indigenous and Two-Spirit Peoples of Phoenix, Arizona -- Chapter Nine: Indigenous Queer Cities of Care and Resiliency: (Re)Imagining cities for Two-Spirit Futurity -- Chapter Ten: Conclusion - Possibilities of an Indigenous Queer Urban Studies -- References -- Appendices
Notes
Thesis by publication
Cotutelle thesis in conjunction with Oregon State University
Awarding Institution
Macquarie University
Degree Type
Thesis PhD
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy
Department, Centre or School
Department of Indigenous Studies
Year of Award
2024
Principal Supervisor
Bronwyn Carlson
Additional Supervisor 1
Andrew Farrell
Additional Supervisor 2
Qwo-Li Driskill
Rights
Copyright: The Author
Copyright disclaimer: https://www.mq.edu.au/copyright-disclaimer