Initiating and responding with a <i>wAllah</i> prefaced turn: a study of contemporary Arabic interactional grammar

<p>This thesis examines the sequential placements of an Arabic token <em>wAllah </em>at the turn construction unit initial placement, using conversation analysis. Turn-beginnings are a prime location to accomplish sequence orderliness in talk at interaction and a place at which interactants can resist various constrictions previously set upon them. The central question of this study is what linguistic resources are employed by interactants when initiating their actions and further arbitrarily labelling upcoming actions as tentative and performed for a further purpose. The analysis reveals that the token <em>wAllah</em>-prefacing in response to content questions has local interfering interactional activities within a sequence to resist presuppositions and agendas in questions, allowing speakers to push back on the question either partially or completely. When <em>wAllahs </em>are used to preface sequence-initiating turns, the contrast is found to be non-literal, the <em>wAllah</em>-speaker reset the sequential context, effecting transitions in the conversation. The findings emphasized the global interactional role of <em>wAllah </em>to the general ongoing activities, in resetting the sequential context to a more serious discussion (e.g., transition in the course of action and claiming seriousness). Overall, the study demonstrates that turn designs and grammatical structures provide resources for speakers to solve interactional problems. This contributes to a growing, cross-linguistic body or research examining the ways that language structure relates to social action. Although most of the interactional roles in this study have not been discussed in the existing literature, the study explored the use of these <em>wAllahs </em>in Egyptian, Levantine, and Peninsular contemporary spoken Arabic, across both everyday, technology-mediated conversations and radio interviews. Therefore, this study excludes any arguments regarding the contrasts that can be applied to Modern Standard Arabic for future studies. </p>