posted on 2022-03-29, 01:49authored byDaniel Bucio Noble
Many chronic diseases are associated with the activation of inflammatory mediators. This can lead to excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some nutraceuticals are rich in polyphenols providing strong antioxidant attributes which have been reported to counteract some of the deleterious effects of ROS. However, cellular mechanisms underlying nutraceutical therapeutic properties are often not well elucidated. In this thesis, the anti-inflammatory properties of the nutraceutical, whole dried sugarcane (WDS), was investigated using proteomic techniques. Chemical assays of WDS ethanol extracts (WDS EE) showed the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids conferring potent antioxidant activity. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated SW480 colon cancer cells, WDS EE reversed the phosphorylation of NFκB and inhibited the secretion of IL-8 in a mechanism shown to be dependent of C-Raf and AKT phosphorylation. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics using label-free SWATH-MS demonstrated WDS EE to alter the expression of oxidative stress mediators FOXRED1 and the selenoprotein SELH, amongst others. Based on protein expression, prediction analysis proposed the down-regulation of NFκB pathway members TLR2, TLR4, NIK and IκB. In the same model, phosphoproteomics studies indicated that WDS EE interferes in the phosphorylation of cell stress regulator proteins c-Jun, EGFR, PKA, PKCβ and SIRT1, interpreted as regulating anti-inflammatory related signalling mechanisms. As a feed supplement to mice on high-fat diet (HFD), WDS was shown to reduce the plasma concentration of the circulating markers of inflammation IL-1β and GM-CSF. The proteomic analysis of liver tissue from WDS-feed, HFD mice showed changes to STAT3 and the selenium associated proteins SEP15 and SecS. Prediction analysis based on protein expression indicated the down-regulation of inflammatory-related hepatic functions. Taken xvitogether, this thesis has revealed some of the mechanisms associated with the anti-inflammatory properties of WDS extracts in in vitroand in vivomodels.
History
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Regulation of inflammatory mediators by dried sugarcane extracts in an in vitro colon cancer cell model of lps-induced inflammation -- Chapter 3. Phosphoproteomics analysis of cell signalling associated with dried sugarcane extracts in an in vitro colon cancer cell model of LPS-induced inflammation -- Chapter 4. Invivo supplementation of whole dried sugarcane in a HFD mouse model -- Chapter 5. General discussion and future directions.
Notes
Theoretical thesis.
Bibliography: pages 167-197
Awarding Institution
Macquarie University
Degree Type
Thesis PhD
Degree
PhD, Macquarie University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Sciences
Department, Centre or School
Department of Molecular Sciences
Year of Award
2017
Principal Supervisor
Mark P. Molloy
Rights
Copyright Daniel Bucio Noble 2017
Copyright disclaimer: http://mq.edu.au/library/copyright